During last decades, accumulation of the information and knowledge in the field of Gynecological Ultrasound was impressive with approximately exponential growth of the number of publications. Technical developments and novel generations of ultrasound apparatus strongly enhanced the medical developments. Promotion of the use of standardized lexicon (terms and definitions) and scanning techniques by the IOTA, IETA MUSA and IDEA groups was particularly significant. This presentation summarizes recent pertinent works regarding the ultrasound assessment of endometrium/endometrial pathology and myometrium/myometrial pathology.